October marks a noticeable shift in the atmosphere, the days begin to shorten and temperatures start to fall. This transition is a reminder that it is time to prepare for the winter season. For gardening enthusiasts in Ibiza, this month brings a unique set of tasks to carry out. Here we present a guide to gardening tips and tasks in October.
1. Fertilising: nourishment for your plants
The Mediterranean climate, characterised by mild winters and hot summers, has certain particularities that require special attention in the garden during October, the transitional month between summer warmth and autumn freshness.
Types of fertiliser to consider
Organic fertilisers: These fertilisers, such as compost or well-rotted manure, enrich the soil, improve its structure and provide slow-release nutrients. They are ideal for shrubs, trees and perennial plants.
Potassium-rich fertilisers: These promote resistance to cold and disease. They are recommended for plants that will remain in the garden over winter.
Phosphorus-rich fertilisers: These stimulate the development of strong roots, which is especially important for newly planted or transplanted plants in October.
Tips for fertilising in October
Water before fertilising: Make sure the soil is moist before applying fertiliser. This makes it easier for the nutrients to be absorbed.
Liquid fertiliser: For houseplants and those in pots, consider using a diluted liquid feed, applying it every 15 days. It will provide a quick nutrient boost.
Space out applications: As temperatures fall, plants reduce their metabolic activity. For this reason, it is important not to overfeed them. In November, you will need to space out fertiliser applications further.
Native plants: If you have native Mediterranean plants in your garden, they often require less fertiliser, as they are adapted to local soil conditions.
Pay attention to newly planted plants: If you have added new plants to your garden in October, it is vital to provide them with a balanced fertiliser to ensure they establish well and grow.
2. Planting: renewal and freshness
October becomes an ideal month to carry out plantings that will fill our green space with life and colour in the seasons ahead. Temperatures are still not extremely low and the soil retains the summer warmth. This combination of conditions favours rooting and acclimatisation before the coldest winter months arrive.
Ideal plants to plant in October
Trees and shrubs: It is time to plant or transplant trees and shrubs, allowing their roots to establish before winter arrives.
Spring-flowering bulbs: Tulips, daffodils, crocuses and hyacinths can be planted now to ensure a garden full of colour when spring arrives.
Violas and pansies: These flowers tolerate low temperatures well and will provide colour throughout autumn and winter.
Aromatic plants: Species such as rosemary, thyme and lavender adapt well to the Mediterranean climate, and October is a good month to plant them.
3. Indoor plants
Not only do outdoor gardens feel the change of season, but so do our beloved indoor plants. It is essential to adapt their care to ensure they continue growing healthy and lush. Below, we offer some tips:
Adjust watering
As the days get shorter and temperatures drop, indoor plants slow down their growth rate. As a result, they will need less water. Make sure to let the soil dry out between waterings.
It is always good practice to check the moisture of the soil with a finger before watering, avoiding overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
Adjust the light
Move your plants closer to brighter windows if necessary, or consider using artificial plant lights, especially for species that require more light.
Feeding and nutrition
Continue feeding indoor green plants with a nitrogen-rich liquid fertiliser every two weeks. You will encourage growth and achieve greener leaves.
It is essential that the substrate is moist before fertilising. From November onwards, you should reduce the frequency of fertilising, as most plants will enter a dormant period.
Cleaning
Leaves accumulate dust, which can hinder light absorption. Clean large, smooth leaves with a damp cloth and use a soft brush for smaller or fuzzy leaves.
Monitoring for pests and diseases
The drier indoor environment can be conducive to pests such as spider mites. Check leaves and stems regularly for signs of pests or disease. If you detect any, treat immediately with a suitable insecticide or natural remedies.
Repotting and transplanting
While spring is generally the best time to repot, if you notice that a plant is particularly cramped in its pot or shows signs of stress, consider doing it in October. That said, after repotting, make sure to keep it out of direct sunlight for a few days.
4. Kitchen garden: harvesting and sowing
It is a key month for the kitchen garden, full of essential tasks that will ensure a smooth transition and continued production.
Harvesting in October
Fruit: It is the time of the "quince summer", which means it is time to harvest quinces, as well as kiwis and hazelnuts. Pomegranates and some lemons will also be ready to pick. Don’t forget the last apples and pears from some varieties.
Vegetables: The late potatoes planted at the end of spring are ready to be harvested. It is important to store them in a dark, cool place. In addition, we can continue harvesting vegetables such as courgettes, aubergines, peppers and, in some cases, the last tomatoes.
Berries and wild fruits: If you have plantations of blackcurrants, gooseberries or sloes, October is the ideal month to harvest them, always looking for a sunny day.
Sowing and Planting in October
Soil preparation: Before any new sowing, it is crucial to clear the beds or flower borders of the remains of spent vegetables and weeds. Loosen the soil well and mix in organic compost.
Leafy vegetables: October is ideal for sowing spinach, chard and winter lettuces. These vegetables grow well in cooler temperatures and will provide you with harvests during the colder months.
Roots and bulbs: It is the right time to sow carrots, radishes and leeks. These vegetables will send their roots deeper into the soil throughout autumn and winter and will be ready to harvest in the months ahead.
Garlic and onions: While many gardeners choose to plant garlic in late autumn, October can be a good time, especially in the warmer areas of the Mediterranean region. Short-day onions can also be planted now for an early spring harvest.
Cold-weather crops: Consider sowing cabbages and broccoli to transplant later and harvest in spring. These crops tolerate the cold well and are ideal for keeping your kitchen garden active throughout winter.
Promote biodiversity: If you have space, consider sowing plants that encourage the presence of beneficial insects, such as calendulas or chamomiles. These attract natural predators that will help keep pests in check.
5. Lawn
After the hot summer months, October offers a unique opportunity to restore, renew and prepare your lawn for winter.
Scarifying: If you didn’t do it in September, October is an excellent time to scarify. Scarifying allows water, air and light to reach the roots by removing the layer of dead grass or thatch that builds up on the lawn surface. After scarifying, it is advisable to sow some grass seed in thinner areas to achieve a thicker lawn.
Watering: As temperatures drop, the frequency of watering should be reduced. However, make sure the lawn continues to receive water regularly, especially if it does not rain for long periods.
Mowing: With the autumn coolness, the lawn grows more slowly, so it will not need cutting as often as in summer.
Feeding: October is a good time to apply a slow-release fertiliser, especially one formulated for autumn. These fertilisers are rich in potassium, which strengthens the roots and helps the lawn withstand frost and winter diseases.
Controlling moss and lichens: The shadier areas, or those where the soil is compacted, are susceptible to moss growth. If you notice it, consider applying an anti-moss treatment and, after a few days, remove it with a rake.
Pest and disease control: Keep an eye out for fungal diseases such as powdery mildew. If you detect spots or affected areas, treat them quickly with a suitable fungicide. In addition, October is a good month for preventive treatment against lawn grubs.
Repairing damaged areas: If some areas of the lawn were affected over the summer by heavy traffic or drought, October is the ideal time to repair them. Fill in with soil and sow new grass seed in those areas.
Leaf collection: It is essential to keep the lawn free of fallen leaves. A lawn covered in leaves does not receive enough light and can suffocate, as well as being more susceptible to disease.
Take your gardening skills to the level you have always dreamed of, and remember that, just like plants, every action counts and will eventually bloom. If you need assistance, the Eiviss Garden team will be delighted to help you.
Did you find this content useful? We would love to hear about your October gardening adventures! Leave your experiences in the comments and share this article with those friends who are passionate about greenery.
